Background Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complex lesions that can ... changes in the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal system parameters), adenosine-related morbidity, ...

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You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways. Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) have a low incidence, but a 2–4% overall annual ...

What is a Chiari malformation? A Chiari malformation is a problem in which a part of the brain (the cerebellum) at the back of the skull bulges through a normal opening in the skull where it joins the ...

The Royal Liverpool University Hospital is a major teaching and research hospital based on the edge of Liverpool city centre. It opened in 1978 and was designed to replace three other city centre ...

Capillary malformation (CM) is a type of vascular anomaly, which is an anomaly or disorder of the vascular system, either in veins or arteries. CMs are commonly known as port wine stains. They look ...

Shorter reviews are published as "Clinical Commentaries" or "Pulmonary Perspectives". These are generally focused on a more limited area and advance a concerted opinion about care for a specific ...