Cardiology Department (P.B., X.L., V.T.T., M.A.B., A.V., E.Y., D.M.N., U.P., J.L., S.P.T., P.C.Q.), Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Westmead Applied Research ...

While not a typical first-line treatment, doctors may also consider a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block. The SPG is a cluster of neurons that sits behind your nose and above your mouth.

We find that, following axotomy, sympathetic neurons in the superior cervical ganglion express vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), galanin, and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, ...

Longitudinal retinal axonal and ganglion cell loss were linked to grey matter atrophy ... in patients with MS. Our findings provide novel insights into the retinal pathology during MS. If confirmed by ...