IL-15 renders effector T cells resistant to the suppressive effects of Tregs and, in the lamina propria, endows mucosal DCs with inflammatory properties promoting pro-inflammatory responses and ...

across the epithelium into the lamina propria (127). Toll-like receptor pathways play an important role in activating innate immune response, and its activation by LPS triggers the activation of the ...

32 Interestingly, a recent study reported that viral infections with enteric viruses promoted the expansion of some specific immune cell populations in the intestine, such as colonic and small ...

Objective The extent to which tryptophan (Trp) metabolism alterations explain or influence the outcome of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is still unclear. However, several Trp metabolism ...