Spirometry was first invented in the 1840s by an English surgeon called John Hutchinson, who realised that lung volume or forced vital capacity was related to mortality. 185 years later, spirometry is ...

Scientists have discovered a remarkable new form of symbiosis — a bacterium that lives inside a single-celled organism (a ...

Anaerobic fermentation of biomass is a key process in biofuel production, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This process involves the breakdown of organic material, such as ...