the water moves to the filter. The filter is simply a few layers of coarse sediment (usually sand and gravel) constructed at grade, and surround with earthen banks. At first, the water pools on top of ...

Clean water is crucial for survival. Drinking wild water without filtration and heat treatment can be risky and even deadly. I have regularly consumed wild water from streams and springs and often ...

Substrate filters pull water through the filter from below the substrate (typically sand or gravel) and return clean water to ...