Design engineers aiming to protect the input and output of op amps have several options. They can use an electrostatic ...

If it’s DC, the easiest way is to use a shunt resistor and measure the voltage across it, and for AC you could use a current transformer. But the advent of the Hall-effect sensor has provided us ...

You need a TVS diode because many voltage regulators do not have the ability to sink current, nor can they respond fast ...