More information: Dirley Cortés et al, Top of the food chains: an ecological network of the marine Paja Formation biota from the Early Cretaceous of Colombia reveals the highest trophic levels ...

Analysis of individual amino acid (AA) δ15N values is increasingly common in studies of food web architecture, movement ecology, and biogeochemical cycling. However, observations that nitrogen isotope ...

Because heterotrophs such as animals do not assimilate all their food and ... Although the trophic level of a consumer can be determined by following the longest feeding chain, trophic position ...