"The three plants form the basis for primary colors. They were often combined to make other shades like green, orange, purple, and even black." ...

Either ol the last may be used for red dyes ; but the crop gives the most beautiful color. Madder roots are imported from Smyrna tc England, called Palestine madder, which are ground in London.

and are now about to dye some calico with this Massachusetts madder, to be exhibited at the ... a plant, whose roots, when eaten by hogs, colors their bones red. Such is the effect of madder.

The root of the madder plant produced a red colour, woad offered blue and yellow was derived from weld. Plants were soaked in hot water and wool was immersed in the dye bath. Stale urine may have ...