Aa Aa Aa Biogeochemical cycles describe pathways by which chemical elements move through both biotic (the biosphere) and abiotic compartments (the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere ...

Research opportunities are available for students to work with our faculty studying the Earth’s complex evolving systems and the interrelations among the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, ...

The atmosphere interacts closely with the rest of the Earth system – including the biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere – as well as with urban areas and societies on time scales from ...

including the study of the solid earth (lithosphere), the atmosphere, the hydrosphere (including the oceans), and the biosphere. This major blends these academic fields into a coherent ...

The atmosphere interacts closely with the rest of the Earth system including the biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere as well as with urban areas and societies on time scales from ...