Burned as a heretic in 1431 ... delivered into the hands of the justice of the Church.” The Maid was Joan of Arc, whose role in liberating the city of Orléans in 1429 had put courage back ...

before she was imprisoned by her opponents and burned at the stake aged around 19. Joan of Arc has become a symbol of French nationalism (Getty) Jean-Marie Le Pen, the politician who died aged 86 ...