The third heart sound (S3), also known as the "ventricular gallop," occurs just after S2 when the mitral valve opens allowing passive filling of the left ventricle. The S3 sound is actually ...
The fourth heart sound (S4), also known as the “atrial gallop,” occurs just before S1 when the atria contract to force blood into the left ventricle. If the left ventricle is noncompliant ...
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